Cesarean Section (CS) is a obstetric surgical procedure by which a fetus is delivered through incisions made in the abdominal and uterine walls and commonly performed major obstetrical surgeries worldwide¹. When properly indicated, it can prevent poor obstetric and perinatal outcomes and it can be a life-saving procedure for both the fetus and the mother. Over the past decade, the CS rate has progressed globally. The major complications associated with CS include haemorrhage, postpartum endometritis, wound-related complications (e.g., surgical site infections), thromboembolic disorders, and anaesthesia-related complications. The most common postoperative complication following CS is  surgical site infection (SSI)². The incidence of SSI ranges from 3% to 20% globally ³and it is one of the important causes for the increased rate of maternal mortality and morbidity.To reduce the incidence of SSI, the following practices should be recommended in daily practices such as proper management of maternal co-morbidities, appropriate usage of antibiotic prophylaxis before surgery, and appropriate surgical techniques.

A case-control study was conducted in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology over 18 months (August 2022 to February 2024) involving 80 participants (40 cases and 40 controls).All female who had LSCS at our institution and who had fulfilled the participant’s inclusion and exclusion criteria were considered for enrollment in this study after informed consent Inclusion criteria: -Patients who had a cesarean section in our hospital -Patients who develop SSI after cesarean section as per CDC criteria. Exclusion criteria: -Patients whose surgery was done in other healthcare facilities. -Patients who had undergone hysterectomy during cesarean delivery -Patients who were not willing to take part in the study Patients were followed up on the 3rd, 10th, and 30th postoperative day to watch for signs of SSI such as fever, erythema, pain, pus discharge from suture site and wound gaping. Wound swabs from discharge sites were sent for microbiological analysis, and data of SSI cases were recorded. If follow-up is lost with the patient on POD 30, they were contacted telephonically and asked regarding the presence or signs of SSI. If present they were called to OPD for follow up. Cases- All women who developed characteristic features of SSI following LSCS and fulfilling CDC criteria were considered as case group. Control groups were selected as per inclusion criteria 1: 1. Women who had underwent LSCS on the same day or 1 day before or after the day of surgery of SSI case group and who do not develop SSI up to 30th postoperative day and who come for a regular follow up were considered as the controls.